Enrollment System Essay Example for Free

Enrollment System EssayACKNOWLEDGEMENTFirst of all, I would like to say give thanks God, for giving me the health and strength in doing this stand out work until it done. Not forgotten to my family for providing everything, such as money, to buy some(prenominal)thing that are related to this project work and their advise, which is the most needed for this project. Internet, books, calculating machines and all that as my source to complete this project. They also supported me and encouraged me to complete this task so that I volition not be procrastinate in doing it. Then I would like to thank my instructor, Mr. JoeySuba for guiding me throughout this project. We had some difficulties in doing this task scarce he taught us patiently until we knew what to do.INTRODUCTIONInterest in education trunk has increased during the recent years not only in education but also in all areas where resources are managed. Two main reason account for this- the increasing universe of disco urse and the need for improved problem-solving tools. educatee information system has always been a difficult task, but it is more so today than ever before, where administrators uses the handed-down way of filing records on a cabinet. As the population of the students goes up, it is comme il faut more complex. Data should be stored in safer places, and cornerstone be retrieved easily and fast when someone needs it. Administrators task has becoming more complex, there have been efforts to improve the effectiveness of problem solving and central to this are quantitative techniques and electronic devices such as computers.In the scene of action of education, researchers and theorists have focused intensively in recent years on examining the concepts and use of information to assist administrators, teachers, students and parents. Others have raised and discussed fundamental issues and uses of school information system to facilitate judgment and decision-making in schools.Schools, li ke any other organization used to manage all sorts of data and information to ensure proficiency of its goals and objectives. The emerging needs in most schools for accurate and relevant data and reliable information strengthen the Student Information System.PROBLEM DEFINITIONThis direct attempted to identify the quality of information system in San Simon Integrated School .Based on my observations during the interview, i found out that on the manual system that the school is passly using, information and records were not kept accordingly that causes lost of important papers and documents. The students Form-137 was kept by the present teacher of the student as well as birth certificate or baptismal certificate, which has no assurance of safety keeping.Another problem place is when the entries of names in the students lists are not updated, where some are complaining when records are incorrect if someone needs the documents. One respondent said that lists of classes were not pr oduced immediately upon the start of the school year, thats why it takes 2 to 3 days to know what the students section.ANALYSISStudent information system has enhanced the quality of information generated in terms of precision or accuracy of data. Important things must be specified and considered for the prudish usage of the system.This is designed to create a user-friendly program. The system must be kept in place that is well ventilated to subdue any risk of damage to the system. It must also be password protected to avoid from viruses and computer crime such as information theft. The system includes a manual that target be used by the authorized personnel to operate the program correctly. It must have a pleasing design and should be right coded for the benefit of the user. Audiences involved in the system must be secured and restricted. Proper maintenance and regular check-up of the system must be done to avoid any failures of it.ALTERNATIVES CONSIDEREDBecause of the rapid grow th of the students population in San Simon Integrated School, there are lots of problems encountered by both parents and the school administration. By using the manual enrollment system, problems such as time consuming production of information, unable to make department of corrections in students record, and bring in of students profile were not done fast and effective.Here are some alternative solutions that can be proposed to the school to avoid these kinds of problems fork up a computerized enrollment system that has the ability to track records, make corrections and that can generate data fast and effective. Provide a system that can secure all the information and record of the students. Provide a software that will lessen the workloads of the teachers and the administration. To have a system that can give the students a successful enrollment system.RECOMMENDATIONBecause of the problems encountered by San Simon Integrated School, we recommend to the administration to have another Enrollment system that is useful in many ways, and that is the computerized enrollment system.An enrollment system that has the ability to store students information, that can easily be retrieved and printed when needed. This enrollment system also can be able to make corrections of entry easily and fast. Through this, we can be sure that all the information will be kept in a single database so that we can minimize some problems like lost of records.It is recommended to the San Simon Integrated School that the detailed specification and implementation of the system would ensue as long as the administration approved the computerized enrollment system.EXECUTIVE SUMMARYSan Simon Integrated School is a public school in San Simon Pampanga. Based on the investigations conducted, the school uses the traditional manual enrollment system. Data and information were kept on a filing cabinet, which finds difficulty and time consuming in retrieving the documents when needed. Grades were also kept by the present teacher of the students, which has no assurance of safe keeping. It also takes a long time to process the billings, lists of students, and correction of entries. During the first day of school, the students finds it hard to pose their names in a list posted on the doors of the classroom.Because of this, we are proposing the computerized student information system. This software has the ability to keep students records in a single database. This system can be the solution to some of the problems encountered by the school as defined previously.It is recommended to the school to provide a computer where we can install the system. And also, a committee which can be headed by some teacher must be organized to operate the system. This software can be acquired in a very minimal cost. Free seminars and trainings will be given to the person who will operate the system, and manuals will be provided. close to of the benefits that can be acquired in this system were* easy correction of entries* effective and efficient production of data* grades can be kept in a database for future use* upon enrollment, students can immediately know their designated sections* will lessen the workloads of the teachers and staff* effective enrollment processingThis proposed system is guaranteed to use, and will not be useless. Alternative solutions should be considered to make their enrollment system improved and progressive.

McDonalds Essay Example for Free

McDonalds EssayOur assignment is to carry out investigations into two companies from two divergent sectors these sectors argon the private sector and the existence/voluntary sector. The private sector argon all about making profit rather than providing a service. The public/voluntary sector on the different hand fatality to concentrate on providing a good and efficient service for their guests such as the NHS, they fork up a medical service for residents of this country, of bank line this isnt to stumble a profit because their service is free, whereas companies in the private sector just want to make money to then develop further and release more point of intersections which they hope go away make even more profit. The gild from the private sector I read chosen is McDonalds.The company I fill chosen from the public sector is Oxfam.About The CompaniesMcDonalds were founded in 1940 Richard and Maurice McDonald and Ray Kroc, they started off as one closely food branch on East street California, and over the last 70 course of studys consider rapidly become the most profit suitable and biggest unbendable food company in the world, competing against other agile food such as KFC, Burger King, Subway and Pizza Hut. No matter what these rivals threw at them they always have come right back with something b be-ass and better which is wherefore McDonalds have stayed at the top of the fast food chain. Oxfam be a non-profitable company, they are the UKs largest charity which prides itself in helping 92 countries all over the world who are trying to fight extreme poverty including Ghana, Cambodia and the Democratic commonwealth of Congo. Oxfam rely on donations by the public which is why the ad campaigns have become stronger and more persuasive as the demand for help and support in countries around the world has rocketed they have needed more and more donations to support families in serious poverty, populate who dont even have retrieve to runne l clean water.Ansoff ground substanceThe Ansoff Matrix is a market placeing technique that all companies in the private sector use, without using the structure of the Ansoff Matrix a company like McDonalds would not be able to survive or expand their brand to a contrary market. If a company uses its existing products to exchange to its existing markets this is called Market Penetration. If a company takes its existing products to a brand new market, to a new country for example, this is called Market Development. If a company decides they are going to release new products to their existing market, like the Big Tasty at McDonalds, this is called Product Development. But if a company wants to try something completely different by taking new products to a new market this is called Diversification.Growth Strategies OxfamThe image of a pie chart below shows how every 1 donated to Oxfam goes to different split of the charity, 7p of every 1 is invested into the company to generate fut ure revenue. 36p goes towards the emergency response system to give aid to countries that need the help immediately, such as the victims of the Pakistan quake in the summer of 2010. Oxfam provide water and sanitation facilities for 2,000 families living in the camp. 40p goes towards development work in LEDC countries and other worldwide projects in countries such as Tanzania where they have set up a local jewellery business and a primary school. 7p goes towards campaigning for change, another 7p goes towards fundraising costs and the final 10p goes towards the support and running costs for transport etc.Survival Strategies OxfamBecause of the recent recession the rate of unemployment has rocketed in the UK, Oxfam offer a wide range of voluntary work that of course doesnt offer pay for their labour but by doing voluntary work it counts as work experience and this looks corking on a CV so people will want to apply so in the future they get a better chance in their future put-on int erviews etc. Also the 7p of every 1 donated to Oxfam is invested into the company to generate future revenue in the charity.Advertising OxfamThe main advertising campaign used by Oxfam is putting on television adverts that are shown all over the country on channels such as ITV1, C4 and FIVE. These adverts normally show families in LEDCs like Kenya for example, that are in extreme poverty with barely and food or clean water, so they are struggling to survive, they show this normally at a time when families in the UK are sitting at home eating their family meal, so when they see this family with no food whatsoever they begin to have sympathy for them, and seeing that for just 3 a month they could sponsor this charity so the family they can see on their television could eat a satisfactory meal or at least food to survive.Relationship Marketing OxfamOne way Oxfam have used relationship marketing is great customer service, all Oxfam employees and volunteers go through a various amount of training courses before they qualify to work at a branch or travel around the world to give aid to people in poverty. This is good because if someone walks into an Oxfam branch to maybe give some of their belongings to the lead astray so they can sell them or if they go and sign up to sponsor them they will be greeted with a smile and a blessed tone, which makes the customer feel comfortable straight away, and of course if someone feels comfortable in a place where they are receiving a service they will want will to come back again to support this cause further because they trust them.Growth Strategies McDonaldsMcDonalds use a wide range of harvesting strategies, one of these are Franchises. A Franchise is where a company (McDonalds) sell a branch of their business to someone and give them the right to sell their products, but of course because it is sleek over a McDonalds branch it will still draw in more customers as more McDonalds Franchises pop up around the world, because in the end there will be more McDonalds branches to the square mile than ever before, which will increase the popularity of McDonalds compared to its rival fast food outlets. other growth strategy is introducing new products such as the McFlurry, the McFlurry has been sold for 14 years at McDonalds, throughout the 14 years they continuously release new flavours of the product an example of this is the McFlurry Flake, which has been released this year. This is a growth strategy as the company improving its flavour range so demand for the product will rebel and therefore McDonalds will earn more profit.Survival Strategies McDonaldsOne survival strategy that McDonalds currently use is the 99p Saver Menu. The 99p Saver Menu is a special offer that McDonalds promote in majority of their advertising campaigns, it consists of a selection of products which they have reduced the price to 99p such as the cheeseburger, the mayonnaise chicken and the classic McFlurry, the menu also have othe r desserts such as the Apple Pie and donuts. This is a survival strategy because they want to increase sales, the want the demand of products to go up so they will earn more profit and the customers believe they are getting a good deal so they will buy food from the 99p Saver Menu again. some other survival strategy is the way that throughout the course of the year they rotate their menus, such as the introduction of different twists on the classic McFlurry, such as the Flake McFlurry and the Chocolate Fudge Brownie McFlurry, by doing this they are bringing new products into the market which will grab the eye of customers, if they see that a new McFlurry has been released they will more than likely want to try it to see what it is like, and of course if they like it they will want to buy it again and want to try the next one that comes out when the menu rotates once more.Eventually by doing this there will be a higher demand for the McFlurry so there will be a rise in sales and the ir profits will also increase. Another survival strategy currently enforced at McDonalds is the removal of less profitable products, like the Angus Burger for example, this was released in 2006, for a short magic spell there was a high demand for this product because it was new and exciting, but after a couple of months, less people bought the Angus Burger, which meant the demand for this product decreased, and so did McDonalds profits. McDonalds realised they had made a mistake with the Angus Burger so they removed it off their menus and stopped interchange the product to prevent further loss in sales and a bigger decrease in profit.Advertising McDonaldsBecause McDonalds is a worldwide company they have advertising campaigns set up all around the globe, all year round. The advertising technique that most people will be able to relate to is their memorable M logo and their catchy slogan Im lovin it because this advertising technique is so simple this makes it exceptionally effecti ve because people remember it, if they are driving along and see a sign with the M on it they will know that there is a McDonalds nearby, and if they are abroad where there are many McDonald franchises more people will want to eat there because they know they can get good fast food from a place they are used to eating at back home.Another advertising technique McDonalds used this year in crabby is that alongside Coca Cola they were the main sponsors for the London 2012 Olympic Games, they have been a proud supporter of the Olympic movement for nearly 40 years, and this year have called themselves the Official Restaurant Of The Olympic Games. McDonalds commitment to the Olympic Movement began in 1968 when the company airlifted hamburgers to U.S. athletes competing in Grenoble, France. They first became an Official Sponsor of the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal, and in 1984, McDonalds and their franchisees provided the funds to build the Olympic Swimming Stadium in Los Angeles. In 199 8 they became a worldwide sponsor at the Nagano Olympic Winter Games and go on that commitment through the London 2012 Olympic Games.Relationship Marketing McDonaldsAt McDonalds there are many perks than can be experience just by sitting in their restaurant, free Wi-Fi is one of these, and modern comfortable seating is another, if someone would like to sit back comfortably and hide their work into their lunch break while eating a nice Big Mac meal then they can, internet access is installed into most McDonalds franchises. Another way McDonalds use relationship marketing is the contented Meal, with statistics showing that the amount of children and teenagers becoming clinically obese there is no wonder why this option on the menu is so popular, it is basically a small kids size meal, it comes in a nice card niche with puzzles and colouring sides on it which to a child is attractive enough, but all year round they also include a toy inside the happy meal box, usually related with what is big at that specific time, like a new childrens movie being released for example, the toys in a Happy Meal will more than likely be characters from that movie, this is a great use of relationship marketing.Comparison Both CompaniesIn this task I have had to explore into the marketing techniques of one company in the private sector and one company in the public/voluntary sector, to see how effective their growth strategies, survival strategies, their advertising techniques and the way they use relationship marketing in store and in other parts of the company. After looking at both of their growth strategies I have noticed no similarities with the way they use them with the points I have stated due to the fact that McDonalds use the Ansoff Matrix a lot in their growth strategies and Oxfam do not, they prefer to promote the fact that 84% of your money goes directly to giving aid to poverty enamored countries, 9% goes towards support costs such as transport and the remaining 7 % is invested into the company to generate future revenue. After looking at the other aspects of the company I have discovered that although Oxfam has a very strong marketing technique with highly trained employees with their great customer service, and their flawless advertising campaign, nothing can compare to the strength of the McDonalds empires marketing techniques.

Rome and Han Ccot Essay Example for Free

Rome and Han Ccot EssayRome and Han China are different in the ship canal how their slaves were treated. Overall, they were ultimately more similar because of the importance of trade and family. Slaves in Ancient Rome were treated very harshly. They were put in gladiator fights to the death against crevice slaves and occasionally lions for the entertainment of the community, although it was against the law for a citizen to kill another citizens slave. Also, 10% of the populations of Rome were slaves, which means if one died, they could be easily replaced. In contrast, exactly 1% of Han Chinas populations were slaves. They were much(prenominal) more valued and thus their owners treated them better. There were two kinds- Privately Owned and State Owned. These slaves could pay for freedom, or be freed by their master or the emperor. It was against the law to kill these slaves at all. Trade in Rome was thought to be beneath the occupation of landholding, although they go to pract ice trade throughout Roman history.The Senate was not allowed to participate in commerce because they were too prestigious to be affiliating with it. Similar to Han China, agriculture was a much better occupation than trade. Merchants, however wealthy, were looked down on because they looked like they could surpass social boundaries because of their riches. In Ancient Rome, loyalty to family and state was highly important. The nobles of Rome were unceasingly reminded to be aware of their fathers and grandfathers successes.We know this because the term pietas meaning dutifulness depicts these values. Also, we know of these the importance of family because typically at a Roman funeral, they would exhibit masks of their ancestors and their deeds. This regard to ancestors resembles that of Confucianism, which was highly right in Han China. The core of Confucianism was known as filial piety, meaning the respect and obedience that children owed their parents.

Percentage Profit Margins Of A Project Construction Essay

Percentage holdfulness Margins Of A Project Construction EssayThe net price of measurable work is the final price taking into consideration all the elements. In other words the net price is the overall and final price, including working class, plant and materials without whatsoever profit or overhead allowances which atomic number 18 priced elsewhere in the preliminaries.Overheads need to be taken into consideration when preparing estimates. Overheads are be you control such as electricity or office rent, commonly you will have to recover them because they include admin. Most medium coat construction organi sit downions recover the cost of these from each one year spread over the turnover rate of the project, this can be assed as a percentage addition tho may fluctuate according to you turnover. Risks are unforeseen set backs in the project, weather disasters are a great example of a risk that might have to be taken into consideration.PreliminariesThe introductory part o f a project is the initial section giving a description of the project. Plant, vehicles and tools are all included in the preliminary costs. This includes the costs of purchase or maintaining the machinery and tools and also the costs of erecting and maintaining scaffolding on a project. The cost for this is worked out using the surface area of the structure, what material is use in the structure and the length of time the scaffolding is up. Sometimes this can include costs of toilet installation, water and electricity and also the costs of managers, engineers and safety officersProfitProfit is essentially how much notes you make. There are antithetic types of profit net profit, gross profit and operating profit. Gross profit is usually found calculating all sales minus any cost relating to the sales, in other words how much money you make on the sales. moolah profit is seen as gross profit minus all overheads and interest. And operating profit which is the profit for the busine ss core business operations excluding profit do from investments and the effects of tax or interest.Estimating methodsEstimations are used all the time in e really twenty-four hour period life estimation can give you a blunt idea or figure to a sum without finding an exact answer. They come in very handy in more aspects of day to day life without exception to the construction industry. Estimations can help you get a rough Idea of how much salary you have to pay out, how many bricks or how much concrete you want for a project and many other things.There are distinct types of estimating methods that can be used to do different things. Cost estimation is used regularly to decipher the net costs of many materials you need on site. The estimator will need to estimate the totality of materials needed and the type of materials needed on the project. The two main benefits of cost estimation are firstly that changes can be made in proto(prenominal) stages to reduce the overall effect t his has on the project time schedule and cost and secondly the more cost information you gather the more you break the quality of cost data The estimator will also have to include labour costs, so they have to estimate the different types of workers that will be needed to complete the project and also how many of these workers will be needed to ensure the project is completed on time. When calculating labour place you have to take into consideration numerous different factors such as nation insurance, hourly rates, holiday and sick pay (if it is a lengthy project) and many more. A method for estimating labour costs that has been widely accepted is COEP, the code of estimating practise. As well as this an estimator will usually supply eventuality sums. A contingency sum will usually be an kernel of money to cover any unforeseen expenses that may arise in the continuance of the project, in other words any overheads. Here is a table of the different estimating methods used in the 1 930s compared to those used in the modern day. genius rate estimationThis is commonly used by health and education services at the inception stage of a project. This is useful when a honest and quick cost range is needed in initial stages of a project. An example of this is knowing it will cost you 10,000 to build a singular path in an hotel complex and you have a budget of 100,000, you then have a rough estimate that you can build ten of these rooms. Depending on localisation and ground conditions it can be difficult to adjust certain project costs.Building volume methodThis is non widely used anymore but basically consist of working out the volume of the building and using it as a cost yardstick (quote taken form martin brooks estimating and tendering). even some countries are still familiar with building costs expressed as cubic meter prices.Floor area methodThis is a very popular method as it is quite simple. To create a root word area estimation you have to measure the b uilding at each floor level, not making any deduction for internals, and then using previous construction costs and dividing them by the internal floor area to give you a cost per metre squared. When doing this it is obvious that some additional adjustments will have to be made and a separate assessment has to be carried out for outside works.P3There are many things that can affect the percentage profit margins of a project. First of all overheads and unforeseen disasters can play a monumental part in this as money spent on these comes straight out of profit. Although an estimator will usually put a certain amount of money to the side in case of this happening it may sometimes not be enough. Some companies compare aspect of their project with old kindred projects to see if they can isolate unforeseens and abnormal costs, by doing this they hope to be able to isolate the problems and find an efficient way around it in an press to maximise profit margins. When a cost plan has bee n made it has to be translated into design criteria so that not only can the design team render it but also so the client or manager can take charge and ensure that the project is within its cost restraints. Some companies who primp themselves on being green can reduce their profit margins by following procedures to keep green, paying extra money for correct and efficient cycle and ensuring the materials they buy are sources locally and appropriate for recycle can boost material pricing quite considerably.The output of labour can be touch by numerous different things, first and foremost is once again unforeseen issues. Sickness and injury can severely affect the output of labour as it ultimately leads to workers having time off. Not only this, it can also cost the company as they are still entitled to pay. I personally think the structure and organisation of a project can ultimately lead to the designated output you want from your labourers. For example you dont want an excavat or and its driver sat static for half a day because your organisation charts have not made the best use of it as this will technically be withering money.MOn-costs are overheads, they are managed and include wages, electricity, gas or office rent, usually you will have to recover them because they include admin. Most medium sized construction organisations recover the cost of these each year spread over the turnover of the project, this can be assed as a percentage addition but may vary according to your turnover.Overheads are costs that have to be met in order for the head office to run smoothly, company cars, insurance and departmental costs are all included in overhead costing. These costs need to be find therefore a percentage is usually recovered from the additional costs added in the estimate. To get a figure for this percentage you must know the overall value of the companys overheads per year, and also the companys turnover. You divide the overhead costs by the company tur nover and times the answer by a hundred to be left with the percentage. This percentage can then be used in future estimates.You are also able to reconcile overheads by recovering them against tendered works. This can be done in a number of different ways. Firstly you can use an increased profit margin to cover the over head costs and not include them, you can also name the overhead costs/total turnover and add the percentage to the tenders and lastly you can move the head office onto site and recover the costs by means of the preliminaries.A companys turnover will fluctuate year to year. There are many factors that can affect this, such as risks, work efficiency and contract pricing. Risks can occur all the time, sometimes you can wild money due to these risks and sometimes you can gain money, with risks also comes unforeseens, set backs that can loose you money. Being efficient with you work can save you money, if one year a company was extremely efficient they would make more money than if they were not efficient and wasteful. Lastly pricing can have an affect on turnover too, when it is very competitive times you may have to significantly set out your prices to sign as deal. When a companies turnover drops, they will loose not only profit but also money on the overheads as the turnover will drop in accordance with the percentage. In addition to this if a company turnover rises there will be more than enough money there to cover the overheads and therefore the profit will rise too.In the preliminaries we get fixed and time-related charges we have to consider, the SMM7 guide tells us to identify them separately in the bills of quantities. A fixed charge is for the work of the cost of which is to be considered as independent on duration and a time-related charge is for work the cost of which is to be considered as dependent on duration. There are a number of different items that it is hard to designate to a certain charge, such as a crane on site for two weeks. Most plant charges get divided by the duration to produce monthly repayments.For example employer accommodation requirements.SMM7 states that if an employer has to use onsite accommodation he must include heating, lighting and maintenance. Here are a few other requirementsAccommodationDependant on specific requirements, offices, toilets, clash rooms, laboratories and car parking may be needed.FurnitureIf none stated, client must be providing his ownTransportInspection of components, transport for staff or consultants plus fuel and maintenanceExample management and staffChoice of management varies, dependant on size, complexity and duration of project.Site manager unavoidable on most sites, amount of staff depends on size and complexity.General foremanCo-ordination and management of labour, plant and labour-only subcontractors.EngineerServices engineer to co-ordinate specialiser jobs, analyze methods, and quality control.

Addictiveness of Video Games

Addictiveness of ikon secondsTingting SongAre cyberspace Video spiriteds Addictive? Yes, They Are.Video grainys endure already became an indispensable cancel of our lives especially through the Internet as a medium to link the virtual space and echt people in the foundingwide. It is worth mentioning that Internet movie bouncys are much favorite among teenagers, and their spare clip is occupied by a variety of boob tube secret plans instead of doing something creative, imaginative and innovative. Therefore, they have a greater chance of video game habituation than separate groups of compriseers. Susan Orlean (n.d.) who is an American journalist states, Ive always been afraid of video games not afraid that I wouldnt like them, but that I would like them too much, and that after mere seconds in front of any particularly bright and absorbing game, I would aban adopt all ambition, turn into a mouth breathing zombie, and develop a wide, sofa-shaped rear end. The speake r points out the emotions of most players in the face of the video game. Video games excites, annoys the players, and even lets them embarrassing to authorise up play. Also, playing video games is a good escapist channel and the best way to kill judgment of conviction for players. In my position paper, I believed network video games are addictive particularly for groups of adolescents. I al mortified for discuss the reasons, the causes, and the possible effects of being addicted to the games in detail with evidence. There is no doubt that video games addiction is a quiet killer that is threatening the study habits and the lives of teenagers. Game addiction is a sign of teenagers who have an excessive dependance on a game.First of all, video games have addictive triggers to displume and to lure the players to become addicted to the game. In order to draw more players to play the games, game designers tend to confuse different types of games which meet different individual ne eds. a) Video games are usually divided into the following several types such as Action, Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing (MMORPG), Strategy, Simulation, and Driving etc. Players can always find the games for their needs in such various categories. b) You will find that there have no specific pre-defined ends for most of these different video games. Players completes all(prenominal) task to have a newborn discover and those unpredictable factors always inspires players curiosity to continue playing the games all the time. c) The game set different reward for the character of the level up. When character have a new start in a new game, the characters attributes are initialization settings in the game. If players want to finish the advanced task, to upgrade characters attributes and to get more skills, they must make their roles from the initial level up to full level soon. With the level of ascension, players have to spend more and more time to challenge more difficult tas ks. The performance by characters to level up is sustainable and it cannot be sustained for a long time. Games designers build various rewards patterns for players to earn, which also causes addiction. d) Meanwhile, in-game currencies are increased by outgo more time playing and more tasks are completed, which leads to more seductive pursuits to achieve. Cumulative gaming time or login in the game on time to complete the task will accumulate more wealth such as gold coins, credits, and energy which increase players purchasing power. In-game currencies can demoralize game props to help players easy to complete the task, and buy the virtual clothes to dress up the character, etc. (Loder Natasha, 2014). Actually, the virtual wealth were drove by players vanity. Sometimes, move of crops in the game can sell for business in legitimate life between players. Thats why parts for players play so hard that update their items for selling to get a good price. e) Moreover, the designers pre fer to set the randomly time-schedule of in-game rewards. Sometimes, players will get a big reward after ending several tasks, but there are still have several parts of players will get a huge rewards when they only complete genius task. Game designers make the factors of uncertainty to let the players never know when they can be rewarded through the tasks, but players always would like to wait the reward until as long as they play long enough. Designers are so smart that always construction a different target to pursue players for different percentage point of gaming time. Thats why players will always have the game to play with innovation. There is no doubt that video games addiction should be reason as a mental disorder, however, the addiction is caused by video games design, which attracts more players to spend large amount of time to play it (John Hopson, 2001).In the second place, video games provide a fully touchableized virtual world for players to escape from the real ity of the somatic world. For gamers, the virtual world are more appealing than real life. a) Those kind of people with social phobias, and lose motivation to communicate with people more likely to addict in the internet video games. The success of the game gives them confidence and give them affirmation to prove their personal ability. Because the desire for interpersonal communication, these groups of players would like to build friendships in virtual space. Players can play together with other game users in a group randomly, and enjoy the feeling of teamwork to accomplish their common task. Also, in the network game, players based on reality condition of the real world or personal expectations of themselves to create the character in any status to finish career goal, to make friends, and to build the family with other users in the game. A lot of players put their own emotions to the games like the SIMS, and gradually lose themselves and indulge in games (Romeo Vitelli, 2013). Fu rthermore, b) people who have huge pressure in real life, sit in front of the computer, logging in the video games and into the game, they will no longer remember their own ambitions and worry about the difficulties that happen in the life. They will only remember the games tasks, the monsters are killed, or another beautiful magic world. Players love the feeling of playing games without any restriction force in real life so video games become their spirit of places gradually (Jack Flanagan, 2014).Thirdly, video games have a strong psychological basis that can lead to an addiction for the players. For instance a) players get hysterical symptoms in the motion to play racing games. Usually, this kind of psychology same with the feedback after playing extreme sports. However, extreme sports have a high level of danger. People who keen to play extreme sports are willing to challenge the nature, and in the case of high danger coefficient to pass away high excited state of mind. The m etamorphosis of video game also create an immerse experiences for players, such as racing games. In addition, video games do not have fleshly risk. In the game, players should have quick reaction to avoid hit and elude oncoming vehicles. Mental shocking is a part of fun. Players are almost die but they are alive no matter in the process of extreme sports or such process of reproach racing games (Jagodzinski Jan, 2006). All at once, b) baseless video game provides the stimulus and brings more exciting pleasure for players. You cannot shooting in the street with a gun, it is illegal. However, violent games dont break the low and have the restrictions for players. Virtual experiences are very real not only the first-Hand Role in killing process but also the vivid graphics. The pleasure of this kind of game is the reason of the players cannot extricate themselves (Xu Zhengchuan, 2012).The last but not the least, Neuroimaging studies have begun to study the changes of brain body proc ess when players play the games and recorded the changes with documents. The evidence shows that there have changes in brain activity during on-line play. Response to video game addiction in players is similar with drug-induced substance dependence. These brain regions include the dorsolateral perfrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, nucleus accumbens, thalamus and caudate mucleus. (Bavelier Daphne, 2011). In addition, unlike drug addiction, Video game addiction will not cause physical damage to human body. However, damage of nervous system are the common reason for the players become problem gamblers. There is no doubt that video games are addictive, and to produce special devastating on the nervous system of the brain. Simultaneously, it is significant to note that games addiction is a process of accumulation results (Bavelier Daphne, 2011). As well, addictive triggers is the important reason for the players spend a large amount of time to play internet vid eo games and lead to cause changes in the brain. Then the fantasy world in the games make them feel better.As an example, one of the easiest operation video games called Farm Game which connects the players with their friends through the Internet. When the player starts to play the game, they will have half dozen lands to sowing crops. Mature crops generally lasted six to seven hours. Players had to harvest their crops on time to avoid their game friends to steal their crops. Players with crops to sell more, they will acquire more coins to buy more land and more expensive crops. At the same time, their level of farms will up with more crops they sold. Players had to check the time, log in the game every day and harvest crops on time in order to avoid other players to steal their crops. I doubts even the players whether cannot help thinking of the picture, content and so on in the game or not. Actually, for most game players, they do often remind of the game and cant wait to play th e game. Video-game designers structure unpredictable and unexpected factors to attract players curiosity and desire, so they would like to spend more time to complete the goal in the games. Compared to drug addiction with physical damage, video games are more inclined to spiritual enjoyment and satisfaction. It seems that video game addiction is harmless, but Bakker says video games addiction can ruin lives (Sherry Rauh, 2006). Players dont think they are in trouble with games addiction who are ignoring the problems and making addiction worse. At an addiction treatment center in Amsterdam, in the Netherlands (Sherry Rauh, 2006), players particularly are groups of adolescent who seriously addicted to internet video games and come to this center to quit addiction on video games. Keith Bakker (Sherry Rauh, 2006) is a handler of this addiction consultants said in recent years, they received more and more patients who addicted especially for playing online role-playing games. In the pro cess of broking dependence, if the players does not get more actions such as playing video games, they will become agitated, irate, violent and miserable because their fantasy world was interrupted by us. They are in low depression even do not willing to eat, sleep and alive. Otherwise, video game addicts will let players stay away from social development that go socialize relationships they will become more isolated with others. As well, students wont have energy to learning because they are hard to concentrate on learning. And, with the grades become poor, they are tend to dropout and give up other interests and hobbies.In conclusion, I totally believed that it is possible to become addicted to internet video games. Video games addiction has become the mainstream problem in society. This addiction strongly causes problems for individual such as emotional problems, health problems and social problems. There are in general four arguments points to explain the reason of internet vi deo games addiction in this position paper. Such as video game have addictive triggers to attract players dependent on it and wont stop playing. Play the game online in order to stay away the real digital world and video games offers strong psychological pressure to players. Lastly, there have changes in brain activity during on-line play. Video game gives pleasure to the players at the same time brings negative sides. In my opinion, video games addiction must be aware from parents and society because it is enough to destroy an adolescent life.Work CitationSusan Orlean. BrainyQuote.com. Xplore Inc, 2014. Retrieved April 5, 2014,from BrainyQuote.com Web set http//www.brainyquote.com/citation/quotes/quotes/s/susanorlea494668.htmlGxqS5W5rQEVom45A.99Loder, N. What Makes Video Games Addictive? Electronic Entertainment. TheEconomist Newspaper NA, Inc. Feb 18, 2014. Web. April 5, 2014, fromhttp//search.proquest.com/docview/1500529138?accountid=28041John Hopson. Behavioral Game Design. GA MASUTRA The Art Businessof Making Games. UBM Tech. April 27, 2001. Web. April 5, 2014, fromhttp//www.gamasutra.com/view/ give birth/3085/behavioral_game_design.php?print=1Romeo Vitelli, ph.D. Are Video Games Addictive? Psychology Today, 19 August,2013. Web. 5 April 2014, from http//www.psychologytoday.com/blog/media-spotlight/201308/are-video-games-addictiveJack Flanagan. The Psychology of Video Game Addiction. The Week, 5 Feb, 2014.Web. 5 April 2014, from http//theweek.com/article/index/255964/the-psychology-of-video-game-addictionJagodzinski, Jan. Video Game Cybersubjects, The Ethics of Violence and AddictionA Psychoanalytic Approach. Psychoanalysis, Culture Society 11.3(Dec 2006) 282-303. ProQuest Psychology Journals. Web. 5 April 2014from http//services.lib.mtu.edu3960/docview/216517632/485C5DD715AC4523PQ/3?accountid=28041Xu, Zhengchuan, et. al. Online Game Addiction Among Adolescents Motivation and Prevention Factors. European Journal of Information Systems 21.3 (May 2012)312 -340. ProQuest Business Collection. Web. 5 April 2014 from http//search.proquest.com/docview/1010849335?accountid=28041Babelier, Daphne, et. al. Brains On Cideo Games. Nature Reviews. Neuroscience12.12 (Dec 2011) 763-8. ProQuest Psychology Journals. Web. 5 April 2014from http//search.proquest.com/docview/905093857?accountid=28041Sherry Rauh. Detox For Video Game Addiction? CBS Interactive Inc. July 3, 2006.Web. 5 April 2014, from http//www.cbsnews.com/news/detox-for-video-game-addiction/

Law of equity emerged

Law of virtue emergedThe legal philosophy of candour emerged to mitigate the severity of the rules of frequent law . Instead of simply replacing or adding to the rough-cut law, equity grew up as a separate branch of jurisprudence, leading to a system of gross law dualism The reasons for the creation of equity firstly, and secondly its bank note from the common land law go back to the thirteenth century. Briefly, the law of equity developed due to the inflexibility of the common law . Claimants would only have a successful claim if the claim could be matched with an existing writ. Thus petitions for remedies were made to the King, which were in time delegated to the Chancellor, which in time was taken over by the Chancery, which was seen as separate to the common law courts. candour thus became a kind of supplementary jurisprudence which was intended to fill up the gaps in common law rightfulness and common law worked separately, administered by different courts until the J udicature Act fused the different courts of equity and the common law, so that a claimant could go to a court and and have both equity and common law available to him, instead of having the cardinal separate courts. However despite being merged in administration, the two streams of jurisdictiondid not mingle their waters , meaning that the rules and principles from equity and common law still exist separately as they did before, but are instanter applied by, and are available to all courts. If ever a dispute between law and equity arose, the rules of equity shall prevail , this rule is to ensure that equity actually has an application when its used to supplement the common law.Ashburners quote is proven by the trust, in which English law still draws a fundamental tubercle between legal and equitable rightlys The trust refers to the handicraft or aggregate accumulation of obligations that rest upon a person described as legal guardian . The trustee is bound to hold the land on behalf of a beneficiary, and thus under the common law the land belongs to the trustee, equity would hold that it belongs to the beneficiary. Equity supplements but does not contradict the common law according to Lord Templeman. This issue is a source of lucrative debate, with most agreeing with Lord Templeman, but some argue that equity is contradictory in nature, Worthington suggests that because equity was applied where common law was inadequate, it follows that equitys rule would have to be different than those of the common law, which would naturally lead to conflict and contradiction . Following the Judicature Acts the debate over the nature of equity became more important, with both systems being at a judges disposal they could be contradictory than ever.Using the trust as an example, the classic point thought to be a contradiction between common law and equity is where A (trustee) is the proprietor in law, and B (beneficiary) is the possessor in equiry. Hohfeld is one aca demic who believes that equity is contradictory. The example used by him is firstly to imagine what the state of things were like without equity. B would ask A told hold the land on his (Bs) behalf, however A, under common law has no obligation to do anything, A is now owner of the land and can do with it as he pleases. Similarly B has no rights over the land, he does not even have a right to be on the land. Hohfeld then goes on to imagine Parliament enacting a statute that states that A, on holding the land for B is under a duty to hold the land for Bs benefit and to not do as he pleases with it. Hohfeld states that this statute conflicts, substantively, with the common law rules, and repealed them . Thus in extending this analogy to the modern-day trust and equity, Hohfeld hope to show that equity and the trust are contradictory to the common law. However Hohfeld is assuming that because equity reacts differently to a trust than common law does there is a contradiction, this is a misunderstanding of what equity is trying to achieve, which is a supplement to the common law which is not necessarily a contradiction. Equity wees upon the common law to improve it. So A must own the stead in common law in order that he can fulfil Bs wishes and to protect his interests in it. B being see as the owner in equity has his superior interest in the property secured. Equity and common law are working together, proving why Maitland describes the trust as the greatest and most distinctive achievementin the field of jurisprudence Maitland disagrees with the idea of having two owners of the land, He stated that if A and B were both owners, there would be civil war and utter anarchy and there would be the contradiction that Hohfeld verbalize of. According to Maitland equity never said that the cestui que trust was the owner of the land, it said that the trustee was the owner of the land but with the added burden of holding the land for the beneficiarys benefit. moreover i f there was a contradiction here Maitland points out that the Judicature Act would have abolished the trust.Hohfeld seemed to see equity as a rival system to the common law, which we ought not to do says Maitland. Equity is more of a parasitic system, it needs the common law to survive as alone it is nothing as its doctrines and rules build upon the pre-existing common law. To take Maitlands example, if equity were to be abolished, the common law would stand up fine on its own, however if the common law were abolished, there would be anarchy. Equity was not a self-sufficient system at every point it presupposed the existence of common law. Equity does not act unconnected to the common law and does not go against it, it works with it to create a more just system. In conclusion Maitland is right when he says that equity is supplementary. Equity should be seen as an addition to the common law, an added extra. The rules of equity with regards to the trust do not say that the common law is wrong, instead it adds rules on, rules that only exist in spite of appearance equity, so the existing common law rules can stand. With the example of a trust, the common law says A is the owner, and in equity agrees with this, but adds the fact that A must hold the property on behalf of B. Without the common law the idea of a trust would disappear completely if A could not be the owner of the land at law, or else he would not be able to fulfil his duty as trustee on the beneficiarys behalf. . Without the intervention of the trust the common law alone would allow A to do anything with the land B asked him to hold, a truly unsatisfactory and unfair outcome, equity mitigates this harshness, by building on it, it does not contradict it by creating a antithetical system.

Baroque Style :: essays research papers

The Baroque style was a style in whichthe art and workmans of the time focused upon details, and intricate designs.During this time the portraits began to portray modern life, and artiststurned their backs on classical tradition. Buildings were more elaborateand ornately decorated. These works of art created history and alteredthe progress of Western Civilization. The progress has been an unevenone. Regression and progress a good deal alternated, and shifts in directionoften occurred. Art, architecture, literature, and historical eventsshaped the ideas of the era we know today. Architecture such as thepalace of Versailles, and artists like Caravaggio, Rembrandt, and Goyasymbolize these ideas.The palace of Versailles is a grand buildingoutside of Paris, which exhibits the characteristics of the Baroque style.It was elaborately decorated and the final product took 20 years to create.The fence is covered with a sheet of grand every room is filled with intricatecarvings and elegant fi gurines. Each room reflects a certain timeor king by the change in furniture and style. These rooms demonstratethis with items such as back-less chairs, which were created to accommodatethe clothes of the period. The materials used to create each piecealso distinguish the time period. freshman generation furniture wasmade of sterling silver, and the upholstery was changed with the seasons.Second generation furniture was very elaborate and made of wood.Versailles is a perfect example of progression in Western art. Theentire house displays the transition from Medieval to Renaissance to theBaroque stylings. The palace is like a museum, which shows the progressof society using art and architecture.Caravaggio was an artist of this periodwho was also a pioneer in art. The artists of this period began toportray modern life, instead of religious figures. Caravaggio wasa violent man who came to Italy to paint. Rebelling against conventionalideas- prognosticate intervention, Virgin Mary, an d death- he came to create hisown style, forcing civilization ahead, and forcing others to follow hispath. His paintings show pleading through mans direct knowledge of God.By revolting against the classical traditions, he created his own style,which other artists wished to portray also. Thus, he created a forwardmovement in the fashion of art and architecture.Rembrandt was also an artist who wishedto depict art in a new manner. Rembrandt, although in fact he wasa profound student of the classical tradition, wanted to look at everyepisode as if it had never been depicted before, and to try to find anequivalent for it in his own experience. (Clark, 203). ...Rembrandts paintings